All of that can be the same as other stacks except the Apache bit. You can stand up a Go application on Ubuntu hitting MariaDB as its persistence layer. Or Python. Or Node. Or Java. Or even Ruby. Shit, Haskell can do it.

Also, exec is a code smell. Arbitrary code execution is a massive security risk, and the effort to mitigate that risk is often less than explicitly building out the required functionality.

I think you need to explore more technologies, my friend. And read up on some security things

Edit: I now realize you mean exec as in calling out to a shell. All languages have this. Still, the overhead of spawning and managing a new process is often more than just implementing the logic in your application itself.

This. We don’t know what kind of content was happening. It’s good that they’re trying to cultivate their communities along what they believe to be a good and positive ethos, and it’s even better that the Fediverse can support this without crippling everything.